Some sources - primary in translation and classical secondary: Answering Islam

Answering Islam

Primary sources in translation

Al-Kalbi: Books of Idols - transl. Nabih Amin Faris (1952)

Al-Kindi: The Apology - transl. and commented by Sir William Muir (1887)


Classical secondary sources

Barton, James Levi

Bell, Richard

Caetani, Leone

Christensen, Jens

Gairdner, William Henry Temple

Geiger, Abraham

Gibb, Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen

Goldsack, William

Goldziher, Ignaz

Guillaume, Alfred

Hughes, Thomas Patrick

Jeffery, Arthur

Jessup, Henry Harris

Macdonald, Duncan Black

Margoliouth, David Samuel

Mingana, Alphonse

Muir, William

Nöldeke, Theodor

Pfander, Karl Gottlieb

Schacht, Joseph

Schaff, Philip

Sell, Edward

Snouck Hurgronje, Christiaan

Spencer, Harold

Sprenger, Aloys

Subhan, John

Tisdall, William St. Clair

Torrey, Charles Cutler

Weil, Gustav

Wherry, Elwood Morris

Wollaston, Arthur Naylor

Zwemer, Samuel